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Brassicaceae
(mustard family)

Mustard Flowers

Rosid
Eudicots

Leaf

  • Simple (usually alternate)

Sepals
(
​Calyx)

  • 2 sepals each on 2 whorls 

  • Total 4 sepals 

Petals

(Corolla)

  • 4 unfused petals

  • Crucifers (X-shaped) 

  • Regular, radially symmetrical

  • Often inflorescence: raceme

Stamens

Lily_stamens_edited_edited.png
  • 2 whorls

    • ​Outer whorl with 2 short stamens

    • Inner with 4 long stamens

Pistil

a close up of a pink flower with drops o
  • 2 united carpels

Ovary

  • Superior ovary

Fruits

Flower Branch_edited.png
  • Dry dehiscent pods

Photos

Variations

Image by Anna Evans

Cabbage

Image by Mockup Graphics

Broccoli

Image by Karolina Kołodziejczak

Cauliflower

Image by Matt Seymour

Brussels Sprouts

Image by Markus Spiske

Kohlrabi

Image by cleo stracuzza

Kale

Radishes

Radishes

Work cited 

Buckner, Heather. “How to Plant and Grow Cabbage.” Gardener’s Path, 14 Dec. 2024, 

gardenerspath.com/plants/vegetables/grow-cabbage/

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“Brussels Sprouts - Gardening at USASK - College of Agriculture and Bioresources.” Gardening, gardening.usask.ca/gardening-advice/gardenline-nested-pages/food-plant-pages/vegetables/brusselssprouts.php .Accessed 10 Dec. 2025. 

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Buckner, Heather. “How to Harvest Brussels Sprouts.” Gardener’s Path, 17 Aug. 2023, gardenerspath.com/plants/vegetables/harvest-brussels-sprouts/   

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Cauliflower Plant Images - Free Download on Freepik, www.freepik.com/free-photos-vectors/cauliflower-plant Accessed 10 Dec. 2025. 

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Chandrashekar, U. S., et al. “Study of morpho-physiological, phenological and reproductive behaviour in protogynous lines of Indian mustard [brassica juncea (L.)].” Euphytica, vol. 193, no. 2, 28 May 2013, pp. 280–280, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-013-0945-8 .

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Food Garden Life. “How to Grow Kohlrabi”, Pinterest, https://pin.it/7Lm4O4LW9 

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Gardener's Path. “Kale Spacing: How Far Apart to Plant”, Pinterest, https://pin.it/3pfESWtQs 

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Hicks-Hamblin, Kristina. “How to Plant and Grow Broccoli Rabe (Rapini).” Gardener’s Path, 24 Oct. 2025, gardenerspath.com/plants/vegetables/grow-broccoli-rabe/ 

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Kennedy, Rose. “How to Save Mustard Green Seeds for Planting.” Gardener’s Path, 8 Feb. 2025, gardenerspath.com/plants/vegetables/save-mustard-green-seeds/ 

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Li, Hang, et al. “Nutritional values, beneficial effects, and food applications of broccoli (brassica oleracea var. Italica Plenck).” Trends in Food Science & Technology, vol. 119, Jan. 2022, pp. 288–308, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2021.12.015 

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Lofgren, Kristine. “How to Plant and Grow Radishes.” Gardener’s Path, 6 Apr. 2025, gardenerspath.com/plants/vegetables/grow-radishes/ 

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Plantura. “Kohlrabi pflanzen: Anbau, Pflege & Ernte.” Pinterest, 2 Apr. 2023, https://pin.it/1pafR30sG 

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“Plant of the Month Page.” Santa Monica Mountains Trails Council, smmtc.org/plantofthemonth/Wild_Radish.php Accessed 10 Dec. 2025. 

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Simpson, Michael George. Plant Systematics. Netherlands, Elsevier Science, 2006. https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/3-s2.0-B9780123743800500087-f08-71-9780123743800.jpg 

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https://youtu.be/bfi3iipTQo0 

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https://youtu.be/5npnTv13osc 

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https://youtu.be/d_-l8P90a-g

 

https://youtu.be/HBkkxCAw8fk

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